The Nile - Jolly Phonics Level 4 Readers

 Africa is a big continent. In the north

of Africa is the Sahara Desert. There is

lots of sand and it is very hot. There is

no rain, so it is difficult for anyone to

live there.


There is a big river in North Africa. This

river comes out of the Sahara Desert.

It is the biggest river in Africa and it is

called the Nile.


From the Nile, the farmers make the land

grow crops. The crops grow well and are

used for food. Farmers have lived and

grown crops next to the Nile for

thousands and thousands of years.


The land further away from the Nile

does not get wet so crops cannot grow

there. It is a desert. All the living things

in this part of Africa depend on the

River Nile.


Some buildings by the Nile are five

thousand years old. When an army

from Rome came and took the Nile

lands, the buildings were already three

thousand years old.


But where does the Nile come from?

Where does it start? Many years ago,

no one knew where it came from. It

seemed to come out of the desert.


Explorers set out to see where it

started. They marched up the Nile for

a long time. It was hot and there was

no rain. They took camels and marched

and marched and marched.


They found only sand and desert. When

they returned, they said that the Nile

must spring up from out of the desert

sands. But they had not really found

where the River Nile began.


Then, about one hundred and fifty

years ago, some men explored far into

the middle of Africa. They, too, were

looking for the start of the River Nile.


One of these men was called John

Speke and, in the end, he was the

person who found the start of the Nile.


Speke found out that it came from a big

lake in the middle of Africa. He named

it Lake Victoria. Victoria was the British

queen of the time.


It rains a lot around Lake Victoria so

it is very lush and green. Where Speke

found the start of the Nile, there is now

a big dam that makes electric power.


It is hotter in the summer than in the

winter. So we would expect rivers to get

smaller in the summer because there is

less rain. But the Nile is different.


In the summer, the Nile gets bigger and

spreads out over the land around it. As

it does so, it brings earth and mud onto

the farmland.


This means the farmers can grow crops

there. All the farmers depend on the

Nile, but for thousands of years no one

understood why it is that the Nile gets

bigger in the summer.


The reason is because the Nile has to

travel a long, long way before it

reaches the desert. As it travels along,

a second big river joins it from some

mountains. In the winter, there is a lot

of rain in the mountains.


It is this rain that makes the Nile bigger

in the summer. The Nile is so long that

it is summer by the time all the rain

reaches the Nile in the desert. So this

part of the river is at its biggest in the

summertime.


https://drive.google.com/file/d/11TbNqgXhSE7WiCgJyuKLcZmkfISnFGmM/view?usp=drivesdk you can download this PDF  file there ðŸ‘†



























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